Scientists discover how estrogen works and flip its switch to reap benefits without risks

Estrogen sharpens mental performance in humans and animals and shows promise as a treatment for brain disorders. But long-term estrogen therapy increases the risk of cancer, heart disease and stroke. Researchers have now discovered how to reap estrogen's benefits without the risk. Using a special compound, they flipped a switch that mimics the effect of estrogen on cortical brain cells. The scientists also found how estrogen physically works in brain cells to boost mental performance.

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