... of atomic layers of GaAs and AlGaAs one by one. The purity of the semiconductor crystal is determined by the quality of the vacuum in the molecular ... , adsorb residual impurities before they can be incorporated in the semiconductor crystal. The result of these efforts are two-dimensional ...
... into energy. Plants do this inside vegetable matter, while solar cells do it in a semiconductor crystal doped with extra atoms. Current ...
... multiple electrons—is a real phenomenon in tiny semiconductor crystals and not a false observation born of extraneous ... . Klimov and colleagues have shown that nanocrystals of certain semiconductor materials can generate more than one electron after absorbing a photon ...
... have shown that carrier multiplication -- when a photon creates multiple electrons -- is a real phenomenon in tiny semiconductor crystals and not a false observation born of extraneous ...
... and waste heat, respectively, into useful electrical energy. Semiconductors have served as choice materials for many electronic and optical ... technologies typically use large semiconductor crystals. But that is expensive and can make large-scale applications such as rooftop ...
... or cell phone. Scientists are working to coax those semiconductors to be more than conveyers, to actually perform some functions like ... . 21) in Science that they have been able to train tiny semiconductor crystals, called nanocrystals or quantum dots ...
... for specific applications. Quantum dots---often called artificial atoms or nanoparticles---are tiny semiconductor crystals with wide-ranging potential applications ...
... a new way to introduce magnetic impurities in a semiconductor crystal by prodding it with a scanning tunneling microscope ... crystals to change how well the material will conduct electricity. Researchers also can introduce impurities that induce a semiconductor ...
... increases the speed of silicon chips. How they did it: In a semiconductor crystal, an excited electron — one that's had energy added ... called "doping," in which atoms of some contaminant are added to a semiconductor crystal. The group doped its germanium with phosphorous ...
Semiconductor crystals known as quantum dots have long held the promise of improving solar cells, lasers ...
Physicists report that electrons in semiconductor crystals have a negative inertial mass when strongly accelerated in an electric field.
... , tumor-associated macrophages and other rare cell types." Quantum dots are nanometer-sized semiconductor crystals that have unique chemical and physical properties ...
... electrodes prevents electrons from becoming trapped in semiconductor crystal defects and producing spikes in the electric ... on a titanium-doped sapphire crystal but could be made more compact by use of a different semiconductor and a smaller fiber laser ...
... electrons to thin layers of high-quality semiconductor crystals such as gallium arsenide. But scattering from impurities ... (2DEGs). Liquid helium may provide an alternative to semiconductors since it is largely impurity free. Using this approach ...
Quantum dots are tiny semiconductor crystals that emit bright and tunable fluorescence. They are typically made ... nanocrystals. However, bonding metal cations to a semiconductor often requires strong reducing agents ...
