Van der Waals junction spin valves without spacer layer

The fundamental principle of a spin valve is that the resistance is dependent on the parallel or antiparallel configurations of the two ferromagnetic electrodes, thus associating the magnetoresistance (MR) effect, whose basic structure consists of two ferromagnetic metals decoupled by the insertion of a non-magnetic spacer. The MR effect in such a sandwiched structure is the cornerstone of magnetic-sensing, data-storage, and processing technologies, which is best represented by the development of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) information industry over the past two decades.

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