[Report] Nuclear-localized cyclic nucleotide–gated channels mediate symbiotic calcium oscillations
Nuclear-associated Ca2+ oscillations mediate plant responses to beneficial microbial partners—namely, nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria that colonize roots of legumes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that colonize roots of the majority of plant species. A potassium-permeable channel is known to be required for symbiotic Ca2+ oscillations, but the calcium channels themselves have been unknown until now. We show that three cyclic nucleotide–gated channels in Medicago truncatula are required for nuclear Ca2+ oscillations and subsequent symbiotic responses. These cyclic nucleotide–gated channels are located at the nuclear envelope and are permeable to Ca2+. We demonstrate that the cyclic nucleotide–gated channels form a complex with the postassium-permeable channel, which modulates nuclear Ca2+ release. These channels, like their counterparts in animal cells, might regulate multiple nuclear Ca2+ responses to developmental and environmental conditions. Authors: Myriam Charpentier, Jongho Sun, Teresa Vaz Martins, Guru V. Radhakrishnan, Kim Findlay, Eleni Soumpourou, Julien Thouin, Anne-Aliénor Véry, Dale Sanders, Richard J. Morris, Giles...